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5A: Abnormalities of The Trachea
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  • Bronchoscopy International


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  • BI@bronchoscopy.org
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Bronchoscopy reports: The Trachea
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Various tracheal morphologies
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Necrotizing tracheitis
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Cartilaginous tracheal abnormalities
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Osteochondroplastica
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Osteochondroplastica benign appearance
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Infiltrative tracheal abnormalities
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Tracheobronchomalacia
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Tracheobronchomegaly with malacia
  • With chronic accumulation of purulent secretions
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Excessive dynamic airway collapse
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Tracheal stenosis
  • Web-like subglottic stricture




  • Circumferential subglottic stenosis
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Pseudoglottic stenosis
  • Usually post tracheostomy
  • Fracture of cartilage
  • Malacia of cartilage
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Idiopathic tracheal stenosis*
  • Circumferential stenosis
  • Subglottic
  • Female predominance
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Tracheal tumors
  • Adenoid cystic carcinoma




  • Squamous cell carcinoma
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Malignant central airway obstruction
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Intraluminal exophytic lesions
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Extrinsic compression
  • Compression Left Main Bronchus from Esophageal cancer


  • Compression trachea (with invasion) from Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
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Carina adenopathy
  • Subcarina and posterior carina adenopathy





  • Subcarina and Pretracheal adenopathy
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Neoplasm of carina
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Extrinsic compression from esophageal cancer and esophageal stent
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Miscellaneous airway findings
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Repaired tracheocele with pus-filled pouch causing recurrent pneumonia
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False track (tracheo-mediastinal fistula caused by tracheotomy tube
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Granulation tissue growing through fenestration of tracheotomy tube
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This presentation is part of a comprehensive curriculum for Flexible Bronchoscopy. Our goals are to help health care workers become better at what they do, and to decrease the burden of procedure-related training on patients.
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